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Interventions of Physiotherapy to Physical Education at Elementary School
SMETANOVÁ, Jana
This bachelor thesis deals with the possibilities of including elements of physiotherapy in physical education classes for children of younger school age. One of the most common causes of imbalances is the inappropriate lifestyle that children carry from their families. The point is that children spend most of their free time at the computer and on the phone, and at the same time they are overwhelmed by their hobbies, which put a lot of pressure on them in terms of performance. These are the reasons why schools in physical education should pay more attention to the compensation of these types of stress, in the form of including elements of physiotherapy in physical education classes. The work is divided into a theoretical part, which deals with the ontogenesis and characteristics of younger school age, the locomotor system and its function and a description of school physical education. The practical part, which was carried out in the form of mixed research involving 40 pupils of the second classes of elementary school and kindergarten Lišov, who were measured and based on mapping the most common imbalances, among which, among other things, poor posture was detected, exercise units were designed. In the practical part, case reports of 4 selected children from the monitored group are presented. However, during the research, due to the ongoing global pandemic of Covid-19, physical education was canceled and any physical activities were banned. The implementation of the experimental part of the work had to be moved to the online environment, to the Google Meet platform, thanks to which the exercise could continue Despite all the limitations, it can be said that the online exercise with physiotherapeutic elements was successful and an improvement in selected parameters of the kinesiological analysis can be observed in children. This work could be used not only as clinical material for physiotherapists but also as educational material for parents and teachers.
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Possibilities of compensatory exercises for young figure skaters
HUMLEROVÁ, Veronika
The bachelor thesis deals with the problem of posture of young figure skaters and compensatory exercise, which serves to prevent or remedy early functional movement disorders. The first aim of this bachelor thesis is to design and create a program of compensatory exercise for young figure skaters according to the assessment of the musculoskeletal load. The second aim is to evaluate its effectiveness in a selected group of figure skaters and the final goal is to create an educational booklet for autotherapy. The bachelor thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part contains information on the fundamentals and rules of compensation exercises. The thesis also outlines general information and history of figure skating, the most common muscle imbalance and the most common functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system in figure skating. The practical part includes the methodology, which was elaborated in the form of qualitative research and four girls from the synchronized skating section in Jihlava are part of the research. The research includes the anamnesis that was taken in the form of a semi-structured interview and a kinesiological examination. Subsequently, from this information were created casuistries and according to their assessment, I suggested and created an exercise unit of compensatory exercises. After a few weeks in the range of 2-3 months, I evaluated the effectiveness of this exercise. This thesis can be used as a source of information on the most common functional problems that young figure skaters often encounter. It can also be used as educational material for physiotherapists, coaches or figure skaters themselves.
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A compilation of corrective exercises for fixing muscle asymmetries
Pětíková, Nikola ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Blažek, Dušan (referee)
Author: Bc. Nikola Pětíková Title: A compilation of corrective exercises for fixing muscle asymmetries Aim: The aim of this thesis was to compile a set of basic corrective exercises based on literature review and basic principles that may be used as a methodical guide during a creation of compensatory programs under the guidance of a qualified personal trainer in commercial fitness centres. Method: The thesis is prepared as a methodological tool that includes knowledge from literary sources available to the academic public. The theoretical section deals with the most common forms of muscle asymmetries and imbalances mostly prevalent in the general population. The practical section brings the set of the most suitable corrective exercises. Conclusion: The result of this thesis is the methodical tool that may serve as the supplementary material for qualified personal trainers in the process of examining the locomotor system during the client's diagnosis and the subsequent inclusion of corrective exercises in the training plan according to client's personal needs. Key words: fitness studio, personal trainer, diagnosis, muscle imbalance, musculoskeletal system
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Body posture evaluation in students of 3rd and 4th grade of elementary school and its assessment
Tauchman, Lukáš ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Levitová, Andrea (referee)
Objectives: The objective of this thesis is to evaluate body posture in students of 3rd and 4th grade of elementary school, to assess the impact of the intervention programme and to discuss further ways how the body posture can be affected. Methods: The body posture evaluation was performed through an experiment with elements of qualitative and quantitative research. Results: The body posture evaluation was performed using three selected tests: Mathias test, evaluation by Jaros and Lomička and measurement of the cervical and lumbar lordosis. Mathias test showed good posture results in only 14 students (16.9%), 69 students (83.1%) had poor posture. According to Jaroš and Lomíček, the head and neck were found to be the worst scoring areas, while the best scoring area of the body was found to be the chest. In terms of posture, the pretest revealed 27 students (32.6%) to have good posture, 54 students (65%) bad posture and 2 students (2.4%) were found to have very poor posture. The posttest revealed 36 students (43.4%) to have good posture and 47 students (56.6%) poor posture. Very bad posture was not found in posttest. Measurement of cervical lordosis was within the normal range for 10 (12%) students in testing (pretest) and for 12 students (14.5%) in the posttest. Lumbar lordosis testing was also in...
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Development of flexibility and subsequent compensation at various performance levels in rhytmic gymnastics in the Czech Republic
Stehlíková, Tereza ; Fričová, Marie (advisor) ; Doležalová, Kateřina (referee)
Title: Development of flexibility and subsequent compensation at various performance levels in rhythmic gymnastics in the Czech Republic Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to find out how exercises for the development of flexibility are performed. The other aim is to find out how the girls are led to correct warm-up and compensation during the training and at home. Interviews with trainers of various levels of rhythmic gymnastics were used to gather information. Furthermore, the thesis compares training routines for the flexibility development between different levels of rhythmic gymnastics programs. Methods: Information was obtained from interviews with trainers of rhythmic gymnastics in the Czech Republic. These were then analyzed. Some questions were evaluated using statistical methods of quantitative research. Results: Three out of five hypotheses were confirmed, remaining two were not confirmed. The biggest differences were found between the free program and the other two programs. The main difference concerned the length of the training units and other different answers arose from this. All or most of the trainers agreed on some issues regardless of the level at which they work. Keywords: Flexibility, Development, Compensation, Rhythmic gymnastics, Programs of RG, Imbalance,
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Movement disorders in beach volleyball players
Maráčková, Petra ; Strnad, Pavel (advisor) ; Vařeková, Jitka (referee)
Title: Movement disorders of beachvolleyball players. Objectives: In this bachelor's thesis, the aim is to analyze movement disorders in the area of the shoulder girdle and to confirm the hypotheses about unilateral loading in favor of the dominant limb. Methods: The chosen method is the functional muscle test for testing muscle strength and for shortened muscles, according to Janda, specifically focused on the shoulder girdle. Based on the chosen method, the results in the given movements of the shoulder joint and scapula were analyzed. Results: Testing was recorded in tables created in Excel, which contained all movement actions in the shoulder girdle test and the degrees by which the dominant and non- dominant limb were assessed. The final table summarizes all the testing from the previous tables and a comparison of movement between the dominant and non- dominant limb. Based on the final evaluation, a brief proposal of compensatory exercises was created, focused on the analyzed movement disorders and imbalances. Keywords: Beach volleyball, disorder, imbalance, shoulder girdle, muscle test
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Muscle imbalances in white water canoeing measured by TMG
Hapák, Michal ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Bílý, Milan (referee)
Title: Muscle imbalances in white water canoeing measured by TMG Aims: The aim of this paper was to select the endangered muscle groups, to identify possible imbalances using tensiomyograph (TMG 100) and to define hypotheses about the influence of training load in water slalom on the development of imbalances in the selected specific muscle groups. Methods: This work has a character of a qualitative research. Specifically, 6 case studies were carried out, appended by control measurements after one year, in which emphasis was placed on the detection of characteristic muscle imbalances that could arise as a result of specific training activities in water slalom. To measure these muscle imbalances, we used tensiomyograph (TMG 100). Results: Among the measured participants, we found that during a one-year training cycle, significant changes in the functionality of individual muscle groups have occurred. The most endangered groups, ie the groups with the most significant changes, included BB, DEL, LD and TRM. There have been also notable changes in the functional symmetry of the elbow joint, where 4 out of 5 participants have deteriorated during the year. It was also found, that women might be more prone to imbalances as an effect of the specific activity compared to men. Key words: white water...
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Structural and functional asymmetry in golfers aged 12-18
Benešová, Amálie ; Gryc, Tomáš (advisor) ; Prokešová, Eva (referee)
Title: Structural and functional asymmetry in golfers aged 12 - 18 Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the level of body composition parametres, postural stability, muscle shortening and joint mobility of junior golfers and identify and analyze structural and functional asymmetry. Methods: The 14 golfers participated in this study (n=14, age 15,8 ± 1 year, body height 174,5 ± 10 cm, body weight 67,6 ± 13 kg and HCP 5,4 ± 5,9). Body composition including segmental muscle's weight distribution was tested on a bioimpedance instrument Tanita (Japan). Furthermore, the postural stability was examined on the Footscan (Balance 7.6 software) in 4 positions (USOO, USZO, FL_L and FL_P). The kinesiological analysis made by physiotherapist mainly tested muscle shortening and asymmetry using Janda's muscle function tests (1996). The dependence between the measured data was determined by the Pearson coefficient. Results: The average muscle's weight distribution was 2 % higher in the lower right leg, 3,1 % higher in the upper right arm compared with the left limbs. Asymmetry was also found in postural stability (average difference between stability on the right and left lower extremities was 25.9 %). Muscle shortening was found in more than 70 % of probands in hamstrings and quadriceps femoris,....
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Conditioning preparation like a prevention from overloading body - parts in the modern pentathlon
Hojsáková, Jolana ; Jebavý, Radim (advisor) ; Černá, Sylvie (referee)
Title: Conditional preparation as a means of prevention against muscle over- stretching during a Modern pentathlon training Objectives: This thesis comes up with an intervention program anteceding the muscle over- stretching of modern pentathloners. Methods: This thesis uses the quantitative analysis in order to mark out the the problematic body parts of the pentathloners. Six representatives of the Czech Republic figure in this analysis, as coordinated with a physiotherapist. Based on the results, verity of the hypotheses is stated and an intervention is proposed. Results: The most frequently misbalanced areas are: scapulohumeral group, ioins, m. piriformis, scapulae fixators, the deep stabilisation system and Achilles tendon. The conclusion of this thesis introduces an intervention programme that I wish to attest within my diploma thesis. It includes a set of compensational exercises for each discipline, including its quantity and its place within the annual training cycle framework. Keywords: modern pentathlon, compensation, imbalance
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Selected diagnostic procedures during the annual macrocycle of the floorball season which are used to demonstrate a specific asymmetry in floorbal players
Jelínek, Marian ; Hráský, Pavel (advisor) ; Jebavý, Radim (referee)
Title of the thesis: Selected diagnostic procedures during the annual macrocycle of the floorball season which are used to demonstrate a specific asymmetry in floorball players Aims of the thesis: The aim of this work is to identify and analyze the specific time period during the floorball season, which is characteristic with the biggest muscle asymmetry caused due to a specific exercise load that floorball demands. Methods: The research was conducted among elite floorball teams of the top men's floorball competition in the Czech Republic and the tested research group included only male professional athletes. The probands (n = 18 input measurements, n = 10 output measurements) took a total of four complex measurements. Testing was held once before the pre-conditioning period, once during the main course and twice before the playoff. Missing data was supplemented and approximated by the method of multiple imputations in Mplus software. Selected body composition parameters were evaluated, tested and measured on various measuring instruments and machines such as Tanita MC-980MA. The footscan® systems were used to measure postural stability. The explosive force was measured using Kistler force plates and the Cybex Humac Norm isokinetic dynamometer was used to determine the muscle strength of the lower...
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